Annual, Casual, Sick

Leave Balance Calculator Pakistan

Compute leave accrual, balance, carry-forward and prorated entitlement for Pakistani employees — aligned with the Factories Act 1934 and provincial Shops and Establishments rules.

Automate this in Peoplifi →

The Formula

Annual leave accrual per month = Annual entitlement / 12 Casual leave (usually 10 days) = front-loaded, no carry-forward Sick leave (usually 16 days) = front-loaded, no carry-forward Prorated entitlement on joining = (Entitlement / 365) × days remaining in cycle Closing balance = Opening + Accrued − Taken − Lapsed (above cap)

Carry-forward is usually capped (commonly 14 or 28 days for annual leave). Excess lapses. Some employers auto-encash rather than lapse — see the leave encashment calculator.

Worked Example

Example: Employee joined 1 July, 14 days annual leave entitlement, took 3 days by 31 December

Annual entitlement14 days
Monthly accrual14 / 12 ≈ 1.17 days
Accrued from July to December6 × 1.17 ≈ 7.00 days
Leave taken3 days
Annual leave balance at 31 December ≈ 4.00 days

The three common leave types

Pakistani employers typically maintain three separate buckets. Annual (earned) leave accrues monthly and carries forward. Casual leave is granted at the start of the year for short personal needs. Sick leave/medical leave requires a medical certificate for extended absences. Maternity, paternity, Hajj and bereavement leaves are separate and usually not counted against these buckets.

Accrual: monthly vs lump-sum

Annual leave is almost always accrued monthly — it gives HR a fair prorated balance if the employee leaves mid-year. Casual and sick leave, by contrast, are typically lump-sum granted at the start of the calendar year and reset annually. Some employers prorate casual/sick for new joiners — that's a policy choice, not a legal requirement.

Carry-forward rules

Most Pakistani policies cap carry-forward at one cycle's worth — so 14 days can carry forward into the next year, but anything above lapses or is auto-encashed. Strict application of the Factories Act permits accumulation of up to 14 days; many modern employers extend this to 28 or 42 for retention reasons.

How Peoplifi handles leave

Peoplifi accrues monthly, enforces policy caps automatically, runs encashment at year end if configured, and connects the balance to the mobile self-service app so employees always see their live balance. It also splits leave across calendar years when a leave request spans 31 December.

Frequently Asked Questions

How much annual leave in Pakistan?

Typically 14 days after one year of service under the Factories Act, with 10 casual and 16 sick days — details vary by sector and province.

How is accrual calculated?

Annual entitlement divided by 12 per month. Casual/sick are usually granted as a lump sum each year.

Can unused leave carry forward?

Annual leave usually does, capped at 14 or 28 days. Casual and sick leave typically lapse at year end.

Skip the spreadsheets

Peoplifi runs these calculations automatically for every employee, every pay cycle — with FBR, EOBI and bank-sheet exports included.

Start Free Trial →View PKR Pricing